@article {1784, title = {Modeling Electromechanical Aspects of Cyber-Physical Systems}, journal = {Journal of Software Engineering for Robotics (JOSER)}, volume = {7}, number = {1}, year = {2016}, month = {07/2016}, pages = {100-119}, chapter = {100}, abstract = {

Model-based tools have the potential to significantly improve the process of developing novel cyber-physical systems (CPS). In this paper, we consider the question of what language features are needed to model such systems. We use a small, experimental hybrid systems modeling language to show how a number of basic and pervasive aspects of cyber-physical systems can be modeled concisely using the small set of language constructs. We then consider four, more complex, case studies from the domain of robotics. The first, a quadcopter, illustrates that these constructs can support the modeling of interesting systems. The second, a serial robot, provides a concrete example of why it is important to support static partial derivatives, namely, that it significantly improves the way models of rigid body dynamics can be expressed. The third, a linear solenoid actuator, illustrates the language{\textquoteright}s ability to integrate multiphysics subsystems. The fourth and final, a compass gait biped, shows how a hybrid system with non-trivial dynamics is modeled. Through this analysis, the work establishes a strong connection between the engineering needs of the CPS domain and the language features that can address these needs. The study builds the case for why modeling languages can be improved by integrating several features, most notably, partial derivatives, differentiation without duplication, and support for equations. These features do not appear to be addressed in a satisfactory manner in mainstream modeling and simulation tools.

}, keywords = {Cyber-Physical Systems, Domain-Specific Language}, issn = {2035-3928}, attachments = {https://mahilab.rice.edu/sites/default/files/publications/102-585-1-PB.pdf}, author = {Yingfu Zeng and Rose, Chad G. and Walid Taha and Adam Duracz and Kevin Atkinson and Roland Philippsen and Robert Cartwright and Marcia O{\textquoteright}Malley} } @proceedings {1765, title = {Acumen: An open-source testbed for cyber-physical systems research}, year = {2015}, month = {10/2015}, attachments = {https://mahilab.rice.edu/sites/default/files/publications/cyclone15Taha.pdf}, author = {Walid Taha and Adam Duracz and Yingfu Zeng and Kevin Atkinson and Ferenc A.Bartha and Paul Brauner and Jan Duracz and Fei Xu and Robert Cartwright and Michal Konecny and Eugenio Moggi and Jawad Masood and Pererik Andreasson and Jun Inoue and Anita Santanna and Roland Philippsen and Alexandre Chapoutot and O{\textquoteright}Malley, M.K. and Aaron Ames and Veronica Gaspes and Lise Hvatum and Shyam Mehta and Henrik Eriksson and Christian Grante} } @proceedings {1704, title = {Modeling Basic Aspects of Cyber-Physical Systems, Part II}, year = {2013}, address = {Tokyo, Japan}, abstract = {
We continue to consider the question of what
language features are needed to effectively model cyber-physical
systems (CPS). In previous work, we proposed using a core
language as a way to study this question, and showed how
several basic aspects of CPS can be modeled clearly in a
language with a small set of constructs. This paper reports
on the result of our analysis of two, more complex, case studies
from the domain of rigid body dynamics. The first one, a
quadcopter, illustrates that previously proposed core language
can support larger, more interesting systems than previously
shown. The second one, a serial robot, provides a concrete
example of why we should add language support for static
partial derivatives, namely that it would significantly improve
the way models of rigid body dynamics can be expressed.
}, attachments = {https://mahilab.rice.edu/sites/default/files/publications/paper\%20\%285\%29.pdf}, author = {Yingfu Zeng and Rose, Chad G. and Paul Branner and Walid Taha and Jawad Masood and Roland Philippsen and Marcia K. O{\textquoteright}Malley and Robert Cartwright} } @proceedings {mathequations, title = {Mathematical Equations as Executable Models of Mechanical Systems}, year = {2010}, abstract = {

Cyber-physical systems comprise digital components that directly interact with a physical environment. Specifying the behavior desired of such systems requires analytical modeling of physical phenomena. Similarly, testing them requires simulation of continuous systems. While numerous tools support later stages of developing simulation codes, there is still a large gap between analytical modeling and building running simulators. This gap significantly impedes the ability of scientists and engineers to develop novel cyber-physical systems. We propose bridging this gap by automating the mapping from analytical models to simulation codes. Focusing on mechanical systems as an important class of models of physical systems, we study the form of analytical models that arise in this domain, along with the process by which domain experts map them to executable codes. We show that the key steps needed to automate this mapping are 1) a light-weight analysis to partially direct equations, 2) a binding-time analysis, and 3) an efficient implementation of symbolic differentiation. As such, our work pinpoints and highlights a number of limitations in the state of the art in tool support of simulation, and shows how some of these limitations can be overcome.

}, attachments = {https://mahilab.rice.edu/sites/default/files/publications/zhu2010ieee.pdf}, author = {Angela Yun Zhu and Edwin Westbrook and Jun Inoue and Alexandre Chapoutot and Cherif Salama and Marisa Peralta and Travis Martin and Walid Taha and Robert Cartwright and O{\textquoteright}Malley, M.K.} } @proceedings {920, title = {Implementing Haptic Feedback Environments from High-level Descriptions}, year = {2009}, attachments = {https://mahilab.rice.edu/sites/default/files/publications/zhu2009shoes.pdf}, author = {Angela Yun Zhu and Jun Inoue and Marisa Peralta and Walid Taha and O{\textquoteright}Malley, M.K. and Powell, Dane} }